Concrete-floor construction.



C. B. ASHEBI.

OONGRETE FLOOR CONSTRUGTION.

V APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 28, 1911. 1 I 1,0Q6,424. Patented 001. 17,1911.

CLYDE B. ASHER, OB WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF CQLUMBIA.

'CONCBETE-FLOOR CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pfafgented Ot. 17, 1911.

Application filed March 28, 1911. Serial N0. 617,387.

o 016 whom tt mag concern:

Be it known tlmt I, Cmnn B. ASHER, a citizen 01 tlie United Stutes, residing at W zishington, in tl1e District 0f Columbia, have. invented certain new nnd useful- Improve1nents in Concrete-Floor Construcon, 0f Wliicl the following lS a specification.

This invention relates t0 firc proof buildings ancl niore particuluxyly t0 the constructi0n of the fl001s ancl ceilings thereof.

The object of tl1e invention is to pirovicle a reinfiirced conczrete floor of durable and compact construction capable of sustaining an enormous weight witl10ut liability 0f Cia0kiiig, breztki-ng o1 otherwise disintegratin A further object of the invention is to provide a concrete floor lmving u plurality 0f hollow tiles exnbedded tl1erein so as t0 reduce tl1e dead Weight 0f the fl001, stticl tiles being snpportecl on ceiling slabs, the lower faces of which am scored or grooved t0 form a bond for holding the pluster in plane.

A further object is t0 provide.the ceiling slabs with longitudinal roinforcing lll)S which serve the dual function of holding 9the tiles in proper spaced relation and 2LS supports f0i the reinfor0ing rods of the fl001 structure.

A furtl1er object is to provicle a series 0f anchoring n1e1nbeks, tlxe lower en(lfs of whicl1 a1e fastened t0 the ceiling slabs at tlie abut ting ends tliereof, while tlie upper encls 013 saicl anclmri11g men1bers project upwarclly -betwecn :idjacent tiles anal um embcdded in tl1e concrete 01 other nmterial c nstitnting the main botly of the fl00i', thus to assistin preventing acciclei1tzzl displacement o:t sai tl slabs.

A still further ol ject of tl1e invention is generally t0 improve tllls 01" devices so as to increase thoir utility, durability und elliciency.

Further 0bjects :in l advantngcs will appca i in t l1e following description, it lming understood tl1at \'ill'l()ll5 changcs in forni, proportions und ininur lotnils of' c0n+;lruc tion may be resurted to within tl1e sc0pe oil' the appenclecl' claims.

F01 a full untlprstan ling of tho invuntion und tlie mcrits lhoruof, roforunce is lo be l'lild t0 tl1e fullmving lescription und accompunying lrmvings, in wl1ich:

Figure l is u verlical secti'onul Vicw of a present invention, taken on the line 11 0'f Fig. -1; Fig. 2 is a similar view tanken 0n the 'li'ne 22 of Fig'. 4; Fig. 3 is a perspective view 0f a pt rtion of a, floor with tl1e filling removed, showing tl1e arrangement 0'f the hollow tiles 01 blocks und reinfox6ing rods; Fig. 4 is a top plan view partly in section 0f a portion of a floor; Fig. 5 is u horizontal sectional view 0f one 0f the auxiliary tiles 01' blocks; Fig. 6is a perspective view 0f a portion 0f 0ne 0f the ceiling slabs tlet.ached; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of 0ne of the anchoring mernbers detachecl; v

Fig. 8 is a pe1spe0tive view, illustrating a modified form 0f anchoring 1ne1-nber; Fig. 9 is 21 si1nilar view, illustrating another form 0f anchoring mernber; Fig. 10 is a perspective view, showing a metallic closure for the tiles.

C0rrqsponding und like parts are referred t0 in the following clescriptinn und indi* cated in all the views 0f tl1e drzuvings by tl1e salne reference charactergl A Y In constructing a reinforced (;;Jincrete fl001 in accordunce with the pi;esent'ffinyerltion, 1 provide a. plumlity 01 flut horizoiitally disposed ceiling slab's 5, preferabl'y rectzmgular in sl1ape anal formed 0f term-cotta, cernent 01 other material, said slabs being supported between spnced girders 01 beams 6 und a1- 1angecl in parallel rows, with tl1e encls 0f the slab in nach row abutting at 7 and Willi the longitudinal edges of tlie slabs in adjacent rows disposctl in contact with nach othe1, indiated at 8.

S00111Gtl t0 o1 formal integral with tl1e inner face of tl1e ceiling slabs 5, am longitudinally clilsposocl 1ginf0rcing 1il s 9, pref ernbly extending the entire lengths u'l' tl1e slal s und Which f rni abutnients for hollow tiles 10 und survo t0 'n1uintain the latter in propvr spuced relutinn. The tiles 10, which nmy l c fonnwtl 0f clay, tQrm-cotta, concrete 017 ntl1er suitable material, au'e' preferubly rectungulnr in slmpe :tn(l providcd with intersq rting purtitions 11 dofining indcpendcnt compurtments 12, tlie lowur und o:t' each lila being op0n anfl adaptecl to rest 011 the npper surface t tl1e a ljzwent ceiling s ll1b 5.

'll1e upper etlges 0f three of tl1e side alls of 0:10.11 tile, together With the upper edges 0i tl1c intersccting partitions 11, a1e cutaway to 1'70111'1 a lip 13 on tlie fourt-h Wall of tl1c tile il0i' engagement with 21 t0p slabor cover 14:, saicl cover b ing .pr0vided with' spaced.openings 15 adaptecl to receiVe nails or similar fast1irig devioes 16, whichhttr bea1: against thia partitiom 11 at 'the inter- A sect1on thereofand serve to prevent acci-.

denta1 displacement of the cdver. 4

It Will here-be noted that by cutting away \1@ upper portions of the tiles, seats are pro: vided for the covers 14, so that when said covers are p]aced -in osition on the ti1es, the ,upper faces of the covers will .be disposed in alinement with the uppevends of the lips 13, thus t produce a smooth, straight Surface at the t0p of each t-ile. If desired, however, 0nly one of ehe uppe-r edges 013 the Walls of the tiles may be autaway. to accommodate the top slabs 01 010- sures and in some cases, the openings orholes 15 may be dispensed with. 1 1

- The"tiles 10 are sp'aced apart to form in termediate chambers or passezges 17 and 18 adapted t0 receive a concrete filling, indicated at- 19, said concrete also extending over the upper portions' of the ti1es to form a cover'ing,indicated at 20. The side and end wa1ls of the tiles 10 am preferably molde d or .otherwise formed wibhdove-tail grooves' 21 adaptedto receive the concrete or oement its upper end extended upWardly wi thin the' 19 and thus form in effpt a band between the tiles and p1astic material constituting the bddy of'the fioor.

Supported on the ribs .9, are reinforcixig bins 011 rods 22, preferably extending th e entire width of the floor and embedded in the concrete 19, there being auxiliary rein:

forcing bars or rods 23 seated in the passages 17 and resting upon and interse'zcting the rods 22 at the abut-ting edges 8 of adja= cent ceiling 'slabs, as best si'hown in Fig. 1 of the drawings'.

It will here be noted that the ribs 9 not only serve to reinforce the ceiling slabs 5 am]. holdjhe tiles in roper spacegl-relation, preparatory to intro uc1ng the cement y{g1 ll- 1ng 19, but also s6r've to Support the rem.

" forcing rods 01 bars 22 and e1evate the lafiter above the upper faces of the ceiling s1gxbs, the auxili ary bars 23 in turn beim supportedby the 1ods 22, as before staoe Formedin the Opposite iends of the ceil-.

r'formed of single length 0f Wire er flat' metal haviflg it-s lower end bent to produce a substantially T-shaped head 26 adapted to enter the adjacent-dove-tail recess 24, und

eidjaoent assage 17 and. prov1ded with a similar head 27, which head is embedded in the concrete 19, thexeby assist in sustaining the weight of the ceiling s1abs.

It will be noted th'at the reinforcing rods 22 and 23 intersect at a point directly above the abutiing edges 8 of the ceiling slabs,

while the anchoring membtar5 25 are disposed on'op1aosite sideS cf the joint 8'. and

receive dowel pins 29 forv the purpose of prop erly alining the slabs.

By extending the reinforcing ribs 9 fo r the entire length of the slabs 5, when said slabs are arranged between the girders 6, the ribson adjacenc slabs will abut, so as t0 form in efiect a plurality of continuous ribs extencling t-he e'ntire ]ength of the fl0or. The upper and lower faces of the ceiling slabs 5, are pre ferably formed with dove-tail grooves 01 recesses 30.; similar in construction to the groo'ves 2l,the upper sei of grooves or recesses in the slabs ad; the opposite longitudina1 edges thereof, serving t reeeive a portion of t-he cement 19, und the grooves 30 on the lower faces of the slabs, setvingio receive; the plastic facingof the ceiling and thus form a firm bond for the latter.

Attention' is here Called to the fact that by making the slabs 5 longer than the tiles 10, some of said tiles i1l rest on the central portio'ns of the ceili g slabs, while others and thus produce a strqng rigid structure.

. In constructing a fioor;he bottom or ceiling slabs 5 are supported between 'the beams 01' gire rs 6 either on 1o0 se forma '01 suspenr,1ed from over head blocks, after which the tiles are fpla.ced on the slabs with the unter faces 0 the side Walls thereof bearing gainst the inner faces 0f the ribs 9 so a; to space the tiles a uniform distarice af art in one direction, the t-iles being manually spaced apart in the other direction. After the ceilingslabs, with the anchoring members 25- secu1ed thereto, have been plced in p0sition, the reinforcing r'ds 22 are lowered wit hin the Passages 18 until they rest on or extend above the upper edges 0f the'ribs 9, the anxiliary rods 23 being subse 'uently lowered with'finihz assages 17 an allowed to 1est on the rein orcing rods 2 2l With the several parts bhus assembled, concrete 01 other plmtic material is introduced within the passages' 17 und 18 und spread over the top of the ti1c'zs, to any de Sired depth, the concrete being tamped in the u'sual manner and then allowed to 'harden 0r solidiiy, thus producing a strong,

rigid stru cture, whic'h is light inweight qmd capable of sustaining an enormons stniin without'danger qf cracking or otherwise disintegrating.

tail grooves or s co1ing providing a perfect bond for holcling the plaster in place.

In Fig. 8 of the drawingsa, there is illustrated a modified form 0f anchoring. meml)l', in whicl1 the npper ends thereof, in-

stead of being T-shaped, are bent inwardly ancl flownwardly to form hooked terminals 32 adapted to be embedded in the concrete above the reinforcing rods 23. A difierent for-m of'anchoring member is shown in Fig. 9 ofll 1e dtiawings, in which the lower ends thai}r eof are bent to prod1lce lateral lips 33 a llxpffcl t0 enler thev adjacent dove-tail re cesseslin the ceiling slabs, while the interm liafe portions of said anchoring member s intersect ancl are extencled upwardly to form tenninal hooks.

If desired, il1e to'ps o1 closures ofthe tiles may be constructed of metal, as best shown in Fig. 10 in which case the closures are preferably formed with a depencling marginal flange 84 for engagement xvith either the interior o1 exterior Walls gf the tile. Vl1il9 it is prelerred t0 provide the hollow tiles witl1 independent compartments ancl removable. covers, either reinforced 0r otherwise it Will of course be unclerstoocl that the t0ps of thetiles rnay b@ 1nade integral with tl1e sicle walls thereof and said tiles pro vided With a single interior -chamber 01 compartment, if desired, without depart-ing fro1n the spirit of the invention. It Will also be understood that tl1e fioor, instead of being supported between iron beams or girclers, may be supported between concrete girclers 01' ancliored directly to the side Walls 01 partitions of a.building and that the concrete filling need not necessarily cover the tops of the iiles By provicling the floor with inter secting reinforcirig bars o1 rods e1nbedded in the cement in the passages formecl by the hollow tiles, no t 0nly is the fioor 1naterially reinforcecl anal strengthened, but a 1nuch thinner floor may be constructed than if the rods ran in on e directioi1 only.

is claimed as new is:

1. In concrete floor construction, a plu* rality 0E" ceiling slabs having their lower faces formed With plaster receiving grooves and their opposite ends provicled with open ings. dowel pins seateol in said openings and serving to connect adjacent slalos, iibS Havin9 thus) describecl the inventin what 4 formed on the upper faces of tl1e slabs and extending the entire lengch thereof, hollow tiles of less length than the slabs resting on the latter aml bearing against tl1e inner faces of cl1e ribs, saicl tiles being spaceol apart (10 for1n intersecting paesages. concrete soated in said passages and covering the tiles, re-

in the concrete in other of said passages, and

anchoring members projecting upwardly from the opposite ends 0f each slab alnd embedcled in the concrete 0n opposite sides of the adjacent reinforcing rods.

2. In concrete fioor construction, a plurality of ceiling slabs, hollow substantially rectangular tiles s'upported on the slabs and having sonne of their side walls cut-away t0 produce an upstanding lip, covers forming closures for the upperends of tl1e tiles and bearing against said lips, and concrete su1rounding the alles and extending over the covers thereof.

3. In concrete floor oonstruction, a plurality of ceiling slabS' hollow tiles supported on the slabs and each comprising a body portion having intersect-ing partitions and an upstanding lip, covers fornriing cl0sures for the tiles and bearin'g against the lips, said covers being provided with spaced openings fastening deyices extending through the openings in t-he overs and engaging the adjacent partitions, and concrete surrounding the tiles.

4. In conorete floorcon'struction, a plurality of tl1in substaixtially rect-angular ceiling slabs having continuous upstanding ribs spaced inwardly from and disposed parallel With the adjacent longitudinal 6dges of t-he slabs, tiles resting on the slabs -ancl bearing against tl1e inner faces of' the ribs, concrete interposecl between the tiles, reinforcing rods supported 011 the ribs and embedcled in the concrete, and auxiliary reinforcin rods resting 0n th'e first mentioned rods an also embedded in the concrete.

5. In concrete floor. construction, a plurality of thin substantially rectangular Celling slabs having their opposice ends pro- 'vided with interengaging parts and their 6. I1i"conc rete floor constiuction, a,plu-

rality of thi n substantially rec tangular ceiling slabs havng their upper faces provided with straigh continuous upstancling ribs spaced from and disposed parallel wi th the adjacent longitudinal edges of tl1e slabs thronghout the entire length of' the latter,

hollovirliles of less length than the slabs resfing on the upper faces thereof ancl bear- 1ng; aga1nst the 1nner faces of the r1bs, concrete 1nterposed between the t1les and covex ing the latter, reinforcing r0ds resting di-.

rectly on tl1e ribs and embodded in the coucrete, and auxiliary rods also embedded in &

the cdncrete afidmesting on tl1e first mentioned rod.

ribs, said tiles\being spaced apart both longitudinally and transversely t form intersecting passages, concrgte filling said passages ancl covering the t1les, reinf'orcing rods supportted 011 the r ibs ancl embeclded in the ooncrete in s0n'1e 0f the passages, and auxiliary rods resting 0n the-first mentionte r'ods and embedded in the concrete in ot-her of said passages. 1

' 8. In concrete fi0or construction, a plurallty of thin subslantially rectangular ceiling slabs having their dpp'osite ends provided With openings and their upper faces formed with straight continuous upstanding r'1bs spaced inwardly from and dispbsed.-

parallel with the opposite longitudinal edges of the slabs for the enti1e length of the latter, dowel pins seated in said open; ings and serving to connect the ends o f adjacent slabs, hollow tiles resfiing 011 the uppex faces of the slabs and bearing against the inner faoes of the ribs, said tiles being spaced apart both transversely und longitudinally o0 form intersecting passages, comcrete filling said pass'ages and covering the tiles, reinforcing rods supported on the ribs and embedded in the concrete in some of the passages, and auxiliary reinforcing rods resting 0n the first mentioned rods and embedded in the concrete in other of said assages, sonne of said tiles spanning the a utting ends 0f adjacent slabs.

In testirnony whereof, I afiix my signature in presence o f two witnesses.

CLYDE B. ASHER. [13.8.] 

